Statue of Sant’Alessandro stands above Basilica entrance
One of the most important and beautiful churches in Bergamo, the
Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Piazza Duomo in the Città Alta, has so many
fascinating architectural details that it is impossible to take them all in on
your first visit.
The Basilica was built in the 12th century in the shape of a Greek cross
but was modified in the 14th and 16th centuries.
The Basilica’s sacristry was demolished in the 15th century to make way
for the Colleoni Chapel, which was built on the orders of Bergamo’s famous
condottiero, Bartolomeo Colleoni, to house his own tomb.
The Colleoni Chapel, which stands next to Santa Maria Maggiore in Piazza
Duomo, was designed by Giovanni Antonio Amadeo to harmonise with the
architecture of the Basilica and it has come to be acknowledged as one of the
finest Renaissance buildings in Italy.
But the porch to the left of the Colleoni Chapel, one of two entrances
to the Basilica, is just as architecturally beautiful and can certainly hold
its own with the Colleoni Chapel.
The entrance to Santa Maria Maggiore from Piazza Duomo was built by the
architect Giovanni di Campione between 1351 and 1353. Above the archway there
is a loggia with three arched niches containing statues. The Saints Barnaba and
Proitettizio stand on either side of a statue of Bergamo’s patron saint,
Sant’Alessandro, who is on horseback. You have to look up before you ascend the steps to the Basilica or you
will miss it.
Every year on 26 August Bergamo commemorates the date in 303 that
Sant’Alessandro was martyred by the Romans for refusing to renounce his
Christian faith.
The porch is next to the Renaissance gem, the Colleoni Chapel |
It is believed Alessandro was a devout citizen who had continued to
preach Christianity in Bergamo, despite several narrow escapes from the Romans,
but that he was eventually caught and suffered decapitation.
A series of religious, cultural and gastronomic events take place in his
name over several days at the end of August throughout the city, which is
decorated with festive lights.
Porta Sant’Alessandro, the gate which leads from the Città Alta to Borgo
Canale and San Vigilio, was built in the 16th century as part of a massive
project to protect the historic upper town with defensive walls.
It was named
after a fourth century cathedral that had originally been dedicated to the
saint, but was later demolished by the occupying Venetian forces who were
overseeing the rebuilding of the walls.
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